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82nd Airborne Division
The 82nd Airborne Division is an active duty airborne infantry division of the United States Army, specializing in parachute assault operations into denied areas. Based at Fort Bragg, North Carolina, the 82nd Airborne Division is part of the XVIII Airborne Corps.
The division was constituted, originally as the 82nd Division, in the National Army on 5 August 1917, shortly after the American entry into World War I, and was organized on 25 August 1917, at Camp Gordon, Georgia. Since its initial members came from all 48 states, the unit acquired the nickname ''All-American'', which is the basis for its famed "AA" shoulder patch. Famous soldiers of the division include Sergeant Alvin C. York, General James M. Gavin, Senator Strom Thurmond (325th Glider Infantry Regiment in World War II), Senator Jack Reed, R&B singer Lou Rawls, actor William Windom, country music singer Craig Morgan, former Syracuse University football coach Ben Schwartzwalder, fashion critic/choreographer Bruce Darnell, Congressman Patrick Murphy (the first Iraq War veteran elected to Congress), Louisiana Governor-elect John Bel Edwards, and General "Henry" Hugh Shelton (Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff from 1997 to 2001).
==Origins==
The 82nd Division was first constituted on 5 August 1917 during World War I in the National Army. It was organized and formally activated on 25 August 1917 at Camp Gordon, Georgia.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Lineage and Honors Information: 82nd Airborne Division )〕 The division consisted entirely of newly conscripted soldiers.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=82nd Airborne Division History )〕 The citizens of Atlanta held a contest to give a nickname to the new division. Major General Eben Swift, the commanding general, chose “All American” to reflect the unique composition of the 82nd—it had soldiers from all 48 states.〔Rutledge, G.K,, The Atlanta Georgian, "Name for 82nd Division to be Chosen by next Sunday Tuesday April 2, 1918 page 1.〕
The bulk of the division was two infantry brigades, each commanding two regiments. The 163rd Infantry Brigade commanded the 325th Infantry Regiment and the 326th Infantry Regiment. The 164th Infantry Brigade commanded the 327th Infantry Regiment and the 328th Infantry Regiment. Also in the division were the 157th Field Artillery Brigade, composed of the 319th, 320th and 321st Field Artillery regiments and the 307th Trench Mortar Battery; a divisional troops contingent, and a division train. It sailed to Europe to join the American Expeditionary Force in fighting World War I.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=82nd Division Composition (World War I) )〕
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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